原标题：2016年考研英语解析参阅答案
2016考研英语（一）、（二）丁晓钟团队客观题答案、阅览争议题解析、作文点评（丁晓钟、刘识途、张培、陈仲凯、刘琦及某资深阅卷组组长供给）， 酷学网收拾。
英语一
1. [c] as well as
2. [d] decide on
3. [c] arrange
4. [b] in theory
5. [c] after
6. [a] into
7. [b] but
8. [c] recite
9. [ d] tying
10. [a] passing
11. [d] union
12. [d] live
13. [b] until
14. [a] obtain
15. [c] viewed
16. [a] whatever
17. [b] brought
18. [d] divided
19. [c] shows
20. [b] while
21. [b] physical beauty would be redefined.
22. [d] doing harm to.
23. [a] new standards are being set in denmark.
24. [c] showing little concern for health factors.
25. [a] a challenge to the fashion industry’s body ideals.
26. [d] is not well reflected in politics.
27. [a] gradually destroyed.
28. [d] ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation.
29. [b] shows his disregard for the character of rural areas.
30. [d] the town-and-country planning in britain.
31. [b] skepticism.
32. [a] winning trust from consumers.
33. [c] less severe.
34. [a] has an impact on their decision.
35. [b] the necessary amount of companies’ spending on it is unknown.
36. [a] the high cost of operation.
37. [d] make strategic adjustments.
38. [b] is meant for the most loyal customers.
39. [c] aggressiveness better meets challenges.
40. [c] make your print newspaper a luxury good.
41. [b] decide if the time is right.
42. [g] know your goals.
43. [d] understand the context.
44. [e] work with professionals.
45. [f] make it efficient.
争议题解析：
28. which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 3?
[a] labour is under attack for opposing development.
[b] the conservatives may abandon “off -plan” building.
[c] the liberal democrats are losing political influence.
[d] ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation.
[原文]①at the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. ②the conservatives’ planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation, even authorsing “off-plan” building where local people might object. ③the concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. ④labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. ⑤the liberal democrats are silent. ⑥only ukip, sensing its chance, has sided with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. ⑦its campaign to protect rural england struck terror into many local conservative parties.
第三段的主旨是介绍各党派对待rural development vs. rural conservation的情绪。①~⑤是一个意群，介绍了各大党派的情绪。⑥⑦是在讲ukip这个政党的情绪。
①为承上启下句和归纳总结句。sentiment即指代前两段中的主题：对乡下环境的维护。①归纳了各大党派鄙人次推举时不会附和此种情愫，即标明对乡下环境维护不是活泼撑持。②~⑤则具体介绍了英国三大党（保存党，工党和自民党）的情绪。②③指出保存党的方案变革清楚将乡下开发置于维护之上。由此可见[a] labour is under attack for opposing development与原辞意思相反，原文中labour的情绪显着是撑持开发而非对立。原文持续指出除了方案变革之外，还在当地人可以对立的当地缔造了方案外的建筑（even authorsing “off-plan” building where local people might object）。原文只介绍了conservatives附和了off-plan building，并没有在任何当地指出有扔掉的可以，所以[b] the conservatives may abandon “off -plan” building. 归于惹是生非。⑤指出自民党坚持缄默沉静，并没有指出这个政党的政治影响力如何，所以[c] the liberal democrats are losing political influence. 差错。
⑥⑦介绍了ukip（英国独立党）的情绪。 only这个词即暗含着ukip与上述政党的情绪不一样。sided with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land和to protect rural england都标明该政党撑持乡下维护（rural conservation）。only ukip, sensing its chance, has sided with those…阐明ukip与撑持乡下维护者站在一同，也就是说，ukip很可以得到这些人的在政治等方面的撑持。[d] ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation.归于合理估测，故中选。
29. the author holds that george osborne’s preference
[a] highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure.
[b] shows his disregard for character of rural areas.
[c] stresses the necessity of easing the housing crisis.
[d] reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas.
[原文] ①the idea that “housing crisis” equals “concreted meadows” is pure lobby talk. ②the issue is not the need for more houses but, as always, where to put them. ③under lobby pressure, george osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. ④he favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets. ⑤this is not a free market but a biased one. ⑥rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow. ⑦they do so best where building sticks to their edges and respects their character. ⑧we do not ruin urban conservation areas. ⑨why ruin rural ones?
①②concreted meadows将牧地上浇筑混凝土，即形象地标明晰在乡下的天然环境上造许多建筑物。作者认为因为房子危机就要大力开发这些乡下绿色地带完尽是游说集团的说辞。疑问的中心不在于房子的需要，而在于在哪里处置房子需要。实践上上段就介绍了合理的地址是乡镇中现已开发的当地再扩建，而不大约开发绿色维护区。
29题题干中的george osborne’s preference实践上是在指代george osborne对待城、乡的另眼相看，即②③的内容： george osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. he favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets. 言而总之，george osborne更偏疼在乡下开发而非在城区开发。从全文主旨来看，他撑持rural development而非rural conservation。⑥⑦是在介绍rural towns and villages的特征。⑧⑨是作者对george osborne情绪的对立，认为george osborne的偏疼实践上有利于urban conservation areas，而损坏了rural conservation。
[a] highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure. 由③under lobby pressure, george osborne favours … 可知george osborne的preference显着是遭到了游说集团的压力，所以[a]选项与原辞意思相反。
[b] shows his disregard for character of rural areas. 和[d] reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas. 实践上是一对意思相反的答案，答案一般就是这二者中选一。由期间分析可知，george osborne显着撑持rural development而非rural conservation，他对rural areas的character无视置之，所以[b]是对原文的合理归纳。[d]选项与原辞意思相反。
[c] stresses the necessity of easing the housing crisis. 由①②的内容可知因为housing crisis而要在村庄绿色区域开发是没有必要的，所以[c]选项与原辞意思相反。
31. the author views milton friedman’s statement about csr with
[a] tolerance
[b] skepticism
[c] uncertainty
[d] approval
[原文]①”there is one and only one social responsibility of businesses,” wrote milton friedman, a nobel prize-winning economist, “that is, to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profit”. ②but even if you accept friedman’s premise and regard corporate social responsibility (csr) policies as waste of shareholders’ money, things may not be absolutely clear-cut. ③new research suggest the csr may create monetary value for companies-at least when they are prosecuted for corruption.
①介绍了milton friedman的观念，归纳说来就是：公司的仅有意图就是挣钱。②由but和even if这些词可以预见作者持对立或许质疑的情绪。作者说即便承受了friedman的假定而且认为对公司的社会责任的投入是浪费股东的钱，在这种情况下，作业却或许并不完全亮堂。things may not be absolutely clear-cut实践上是在说即便依照friedman的理念去施行，可是也并不必定就能抵达这个理念的意图——利益的最大化。③进一步弥补了研讨结论，csr或许为公司带来经济价值，并不是friedman所认为的是浪费股东的钱。
由此可知作者认为friedman’s statement持质疑的情绪，[b] skepticism是最佳答案。[a] tolerance和[d] approval与原辞意思相反。
[c] uncertainty是一个很强的烦扰项，假定选本答案，则显着中了出题者的圈套。这一烦扰项来自things may not be absolutely clear-cut。此处的uncertainty是指依照friedman的说法去做，其成果也不必定就可以抵达意图；而非作者对milton friedman’s statement about csr的情绪存在不断定性。
考研英语一真题作文点评（由某资深阅卷组长供给）
英语一小作文
本年是继2010年后第次考告诉，其它年度（2005年头步考小作文）悉数考的是函件。图书馆的论题也是常考的，2007年就考了关于前进其效能的主张信。本年的告诉是给新招的留学生供给有关信息，实践上就是对图书馆非常简练的介绍，主张分点来写，把层次突显出来即可。
假定把告诉写成函件，影响很可以将是恰当有限的，缘由有二。其一，是因为这个标题不是最典型的告诉，比方开会、活动、搜集稿件或信息改变，而是近似于函件的告诉；其二，估计会有许多同学写成函件，这样许多当地会在阅卷主张中清楚，或许直接扣一分，或许让阅卷教师酌情掌控。
最糟糕的情况是有的同学一看到告诉就感触没有预备到而溃散了，这时应想一想可以许多其他同学也没有预备到，再静下心来想想处置的办法。
英语一高文文
本年考的是双图，双图的特征就是比单图改变少。2000、2003、2006、2014均考过双图，其间2000、2003是相同目标的比照双图，2006年是简略重复的双图（相片），与单图比较仅起到加强的作用，2014年是不一样目标的比照双图。本年考的也是包括父母与孩子的比照双图，但与前面纷歧样的是两幅图没有时刻跨度，是提练出来的两种景象的比照，笼统度是比照高的，但因为下面的标题，难度降低，究竟的难度指数正好为中。
要点在父母身上，“只概需求”和“做个榜样”是比照的情况，最简略的写法就是比照写法，然后再下结论就可以了。或许对常见的景象（父母玩却叫孩子学习）简写，而更多地写抱负的景象（父母作业带到孩子学习），这也是一个好的选择。
请我们细心看，提纲的第二条为“interpret the meaning”，这是一改多年来写成“explain its intended meaning”的做法，而是回到了2004到2006年的做法——这样写隐含的意思就是图像是比照笼统的，而“explain its intended meaning”则标明笼统度可高可低。这预示着下一年英语一的笼统度可以会上升，难度可以会加大。实践上本年的难度现已增大，是由标题将难度拉下来了。本年的图像下给出的标题假定稍做替换，难度将会前进，如：“望子成龙，父母该怎么做？”
单个同学没有写父母一马抢先，而是拓宽到社会表象，就是不要对别人和对自个设定两层标准，只叫别人做而自个不做——关于老到的阅卷教师，算成跑题的可以性是极小的，在言语水平相同的情况下还可以给更高的分数，因为考生运用了类推的办法，做了提练，这是高档作文的特征。
英语二
1.[c] how
2.[b] in particular
3.[d] necessary
4.[c] optimism
5.[d] change
6.[b] measured
7.[a] sure
8.[d] headquartered
9.[a] explain
10.[b] factors
11.[a] desirable
12.[b] held
13.[a] attribute
14.[d] experienced
15.[c] also
16.[d] equally
17.[c] while
18.[c] hints
19.[a] shape
20.[b] lean towards
21.[b]remodel the way of thinking
22.[b] interest
23.[a] help students learn other computer languages
24.[c] become better prepared for the digitalized world
25.[a] persuade
26.[a] its drastically decreased population
27.[c] granted less federal regulatory power
28.[a] agree to pay a sum for compensation
29.[d] the states
30.[c] environmental groups
31.[d] what deep reading requires cannot be guaranteed
32.[b] make passing time fulfilling
33.[d] achieve immersive reading
34.[a] reading becomes your primary business of the day
35.[b] how to find time to read
36.[b] having a family with children
37.[c] attach importance to pre-martial finance
38.[d] reach almost all aspects of american life
39.[d] getting established is harder for the young
40.[c] his parents’ good life has little to do with a college degree
41.[d] express your emotions
42. [f] be easily pleased
43.[a] be silly
44.[b] have fun
45.[e] don’t overthink it
争议题解析：
27.the “threatened” tag disappointed some environmentalists in that it_____。
[a] was a give-in to governmental pressure
[b] would involve fewer agencies in action
[c] granted less federal regulatory power
[d] went against conservation policies
[原文]①the crash was a major reason the u.s. fish and wildlife service (usfws) decided to formally list the bird as threatened. ②“the lesser prairie chicken is in a desperate situation,” said usfws director daniel ashe. ③some environmentalists, however, were disappointed. ④they had pushed the agency to designate the bird as “endangered,” a status that gives federal officials greater regulatory power to crack down on threats. ⑤but ashe and others argued that the ”threatened” tag gave the federal government flexibility to try out new, potentially less confrontational conservation approaches. ⑥in particular, they called for forging closer collaborations with western state governments, which are often uneasy with federal action, and with the private landowners who control an estimated 95% of the prairie chicken‘s habitat.
由题干中的“disappointed some environmentalists”定为到第二段③。④they指代上句中的some environmentalists，这些环保主义者正本想将此鸟归类为“濒危”（endangered），此等级可以赋予联邦有更大的监管权。清楚明晰，这些环保者对将此鸟归类为“风险”（threatened）的绝望之处在于：此等级使得联邦政府的监管权不如“濒危”来地大，[c] granted less federal regulatory power中选。
[a] was a give-in to governmental pressure, 原文并没有说到usfws将此鸟归类为threatened是遭到政府的压力而让步。
[b] would involve fewer agencies in action. 原文并没有说到usfws将此鸟归类为threatened会致使更少的机构参加行为。烦扰项可以来自⑤⑥，另外一有些环保主义者认为usfws将此鸟归类为threatened而非endangered将带来更多机构的协作。
[d] went against conservation policies. 清楚明晰，环保主义者必定认为将这些鸟类列入名录是有利于动物维护的，所以该选项与原辞意思相反。环保主义者绝望之处在于usfws的归类等级还不可。
28.it can be learned from paragraph3 that unintentional harm-doers will not be prosecuted if they_____.
[a] agree to pay a sum for compensation
[b] volunteer to set up an equally big habitat
[c] offer to support the wafwa monitoring job
[d] promise to raise funds for usfws operations
[原文]①under the plan, for example, the agency said it would not prosecute landowner or businesses that unintentionally kill, harm, or disturb the bird, as long as they had signed a range—wide management plan to restore prairie chicken habitat. ②negotiated by usfws and the states, the plan requires individuals and businesses that damage habitat as part of their operations to pay into a fund to replace every acre destroyed with 2 new acres of suitable habitat. ③the fund will also be used to compensate landowners who set aside habitat , usfws also set an interim goal of restoring prairie chicken populations to an annual average of 67,000 birds over the next 10 years. ④and it gives the western association of fish and wildlife agencies (wafwa), a coalition of state agencies, the job of monitoring progress. ⑤overall, the idea is to let “states” remain in the driver’s seat for managing the spec
ies,” ashe said.
定位到第三段，题干中的unintentional harm-doers是对①landowner or businesses that unintentionally kill, harm, or disturb the bird的归纳性替代，由原文可知选项大约和此内容有关：they had signed a range—wide management plan to restore prairie chicken habitat，②对其间的 a range—wide management 做了进一步说明，the plan requires individuals and businesses that damage habitat as part of their operations to pay into a fund to replace every acre destroyed with 2 new acres of suitable habitat. 言而总之，这些unintentional harm-doers免遭申述的条件是签署一项 plan，而此plan的首要内容就是他们拿钱投入到基金会中，此基金用来抵偿habitat的丢掉。
由②③④可知，该fund有几个意图：
（1） 损坏者经过它将歇息地以一置二。
（2） 抵偿因为habitat 而失地的地主。
（3） 撑持wafwa监督此环保活动的发展。
该fund的资金来历可以并不止这些歇息地的非成心损坏者，所以只能阐清楚说他们pay into the fund是为了撑持（一）。（二）（三）的资金来历并不必定是这些非成心损坏者。
[a] agree to pay a sum for compensation是对①②的归纳性总结，大约中选。
[b] volunteer to set up an equally big habitat与replace every acre destroyed with 2 new acres of suitable habitat原辞意思敌对，不中选。
[c] offer to support the wafwa monitoring job. 该烦扰项来自④it（指代the fund） gives wafwa the job of monitoring progress。由上述分析可知，unintentional harm-doers pay into the fund的清楚意图只是第一个：歇息地的以一置二，而是第三个。
[d] promise to raise funds for usfws operations. 该烦扰项来自②the plan requires individuals and businesses that damage habitat as part of their operations to pay into a fund to，可是这儿的their指代individuals and businesses，此operations归于这些unintentional harm-doers，而不是usfws。由上述分析可知，usfws 的operations由三个，而unintentional harm-doers只是经过此fund来撑持第一个operation——歇息地的以一置二。所以该选项归于以偏概全。另外一方面，原文是pay into a fund（付钱给基金）和raise funds（搜集资金）也存在语义上的不一样。
30.jay lininger would most likely support_______。
[a] industry groups
[b] the win-win rhetoric
[c] environmental groups
[d] the plan under challenge
[原文]①not everyone buys the win-win rhetoric. ②some congress members are trying to block the plan, and at least a dozen industry groups, four states, and three environmental groups are challenging it in federal court. ③not surprisingly, industry groups and states generally argue it goes too far; environmentalists say it doesn’t go far enough. ④“the federal government is giving responsibility for managing the bird to the same industries that are pushing it to extinction,” says biologist jay lininger.
由jay lininger定为到末段最终一句。jay lininger说联邦政府把打点鸟类的责任推到一些作业身上，而正是这些作业将鸟类面向了灭绝。由这句话可知，jay lininger对这项方针持批判情绪，对触及其间的联邦政府和这些作业也持批判情绪。言而总之，jay lininger认为对鸟类的维护还不可。所以不该选[b] the win-win rhetoric和[d] the plan under challenge。
由③可知industry groups和states认为对鸟类的维护方针行之过分；而环保主义者则认为还不可。清楚明晰，jay lininger认同environmentalists的观念，对立industry groups和states的观念。所以[c] environmental groups中选，[d] the plan under challenge不大约当选。
考研英语二真题作文点评（由某资深阅卷组长供给）
英语二小作文
小作文是英语二与英语一难度完全相同甚至更高的有些，而其它有些大多难度低于英语一，有的间隔还很大，如新题型；翻译与高文文也是英语一比英语二难，但间隔没有那么大。本年的标题出得很精彩，实践上包括两个有些，前面一半是对恭喜信的回复，后边一半是主张信。这种函件的主体仍分为三段，初步是对对方的恭喜标明谢谢；中心是打开说自个的主张，应分点来写；最终一段是总结，最佳对上面的两段均进行照顾，再次标明谢谢，并期望自个的主张对对方有所协助。
传统的函件常见的品种只需十一二种，在这些品种根柢考了一遍今后（看出题规则时应把英语一和英语二的小作文放在一同看），可以会考一些变体。比方与求职信比较，辞去职务信不是那么常见，却可以更简略考到（2005年英语一）；可以会考到非典型的函件（2014年英语二就不是朴实的问询信，而是供给有关信息后再进行问询）；可以会考到告诉（英语一包括本年两次，英语二一次）。
非典型的考题有两类，一类就是对常见的函件回复的函件，这在将来几年会很常见，比方主张信、投诉信和问询信的回复信函，而致歉信本身就很可所以聘请信的回复函件；一类就是将两个有些联系在一同的函件，这时我们应学会拆解，并在充分注重功用的基础上，把结束写好；这种联系类的函件可以前半是恭喜信或谢谢信这样函件的回复，这种回复函件是写不了一封标准长度函件，所以可以与供给信息或问询信息相联系。
英语二高文文
饼图是各类图表中比照简略的一类，是英语二第次考，也是继上一年后接连第二年考。尽管与上一年和前年相同，提纲中没有描绘图表这一条，可是仍然要在文章最初对图像进行描绘。之后进入阐释的有些，由大到小对每一项给出缘由。因为篇幅有限，可以把第三、四项融成一点。
最终的结论段很重要，必定要写好。可以再次杰出写大学生外出旅行是因为两个最重要的缘由，然后说这反应了其时的社会特征或在将来这一趋势仍将连续。
图表题的难度一般分为三个层次，一般有变量和数据个数抉择，2013、2015和本年（2016）都是最简略的一个层次，而2012归于最难的一个层次，关于这点有机缘议开来再讲。
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